Gujrat (Urdu/Punjabi: گجرات)
is a city in Pakistan.
It is the capital of Gujrat
District and
the Gujrat
Tehsil subdivision
in the Punjab
Province.
Gujrat is situated on the bank of Chenab
River,
situated about 120 kilometers (75 mi) north of Lahore,
the capital city of Punjab province, and 150 kilometers from Islamabad,
the capital of Pakistan.
Prominent nearby locations include Jalalpur
Jattan, Jhelum, Gujranwala, Mandi
Bahauddin,
Sialkot, Lalamusa and Bhimber-Azad
Kashmir.
The city is surrounded by many villages and towns, which supply
significant labor to the local market.
Gujrat was founded by Raja Bachhan Pal Gurjar in
460 BC, according to General Cunningham, the British historian.
Historical consensus is that it existed in the time of Alexander
the Great,
and that the city's Raja Porus put up a fierce challenge to
Alexander's invasion at the bank of the Jehlum
River.
The establishment of Gujrat City was realized early in the 1900
century after the British Empire and in support of regional land
lords (e.g., Daswandi Khan of Daswandi Pura). During the Mughal
period,
Mughal royalty frequently traveled through the district en route to Kashmir.
When King Jahangir died
while he was returning from Kashmir, the news of his death was
suppressed to avoid any chaos in the empire. His abdominal organs
were taken out and buried in Gujrat. To this day, an annual festival
is held commemorating this event, commonly known as the "Festival of
Jahangir".
The Great Sikh Dynasty Ruled by a powerful Jatt Sikh family of
Dhillon Clan (1716-1811) also took control of Gujrat and for some
time it was also there capital city.
Two main battles between British and Sikh armies were fought in this
district: the Battle
of Chillianwala and Battle
of Gujrat.
Only after winning the battle of Gujrat on 22 February 1849 did the
British declare victory in Punjab. During the Partition of Punjab in
1947 there was a large Sikh population in Gujrat District and a
sizable Hindu Population as well. During the partition chaos some
fled their native homes and villages to the other of side of the
border. Muslims from east Punjab, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir started
arriving and crossed the border in to Pakistan; many were given land
in Gujrat District to settle.
There are many historical buildings and ruins in and around Gujrat.
The Grand
Trunk Road,
commonly abbreviated as G.T. Road, built by emperor Sher
Shah Suri,
also passes through Gujrat. The road still exists today, along with
its period stone wall. Historical buildings and ruins can be found
in nearby towns throughout the area.
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